Renaissance
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SKU: SS-006277
Without the Renaissance, art could not exist in the form we know today. While the Renaissance revolutionized the Western perception of reality, it is widely regarded as the most influential phenomenon in European art, architecture, literature, and science. The movement first gained momentum in Italy at the end of the 14th century and spread across Europe over the following centuries, with dynamic centers in Florence and Germany. Its intellectual foundation was humanism derived from classical Greek philosophy. Advocates of the Renaissance in art, science, literature, and politics declared that humanity was the measure of all things and set out to replace medieval scholastic constraints with a rebirth of antiquity. Under the influence of humanism, artists refined anatomy and geometry to achieve new levels of figurative accuracy. In Flemish art, painters such as Bruegel introduced new techniques and a daily sensibility to landscapes and still lifes, while in Germany, Dürer and Cranach pioneered unprecedented drama and psychology in woodcuts and engravings. Notable artists include Fra Angelico, Giovanni Bellini, Hieronymus Bosch, Sandro Botticelli, Pieter Brueghel, Lucas Cranach the Elder, Albrecht Dürer, El Greco, Matthias Grünewald, Hans Holbein the Younger, Fra Filippo Lippi, Masaccio, Michelangelo, Pontormo, Raphael, Tintoretto, Titian, Paolo Uccello, Veronese, and Leonardo da Vinci.